Motor for pumping mechanisms



Dec. 28, 1937. w. H. WINEMAN 2,103,954

MOTOR FOR PUMPING MECHANISMS Filed Sept. 29, 1934 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 28, 1937.

w. H. WINEMAN' MOTOR FOR PUMPING MECHANISMS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Filed Sept. 29, 1934 I L. ga 6 as figs a V. 1 Q w 7 2 frn/enfor:

' Z/ade fl/inemazz Dec.28, 1937. w. H. WINEMAN MOTOR FOR PUMPING MECHANISMS 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 29

Patented Dec. 2 8, 1 937 7 J V UNITED", STATES PATENT: OFFICE i M V pumping field.

12,103,96d MOTOR FORfPUMPING MECHANISM I WadeHl'Wineman, Michigan City, Incl; assign-.

"or to Sullivan Machinery Company, a corporation-of Massachusetts r Application September 29, 1934, Serial No. 746,170

g I 28 Claims. (01.121-126) I V v This invention relates to pumping mechanisms, bodiment and a modification which my inv'enand more especially to expansible chamber mo-' .tion may assume in practice,-

tors which, while suitableifor a wide variety of Fig; l is a side elevation, with parts'broken purposes, find particular utility in the oil well away, showing a portion of the pumping mech-' There is in certain oil fields a substantial quanand incorporating a'pumping motor constructed tity of oil available, but not under sufficient presin accordance with the illustrative embodiment sure to cause the same to rise to the surface. It above mentioned; is accordingly necessary to provide for the pump- Fig.2 is a view partially in side elevation and anismarranged at a well which is to be pumped 5 I ,ing of this oil; anda very satisfactorysystem has partially in central vertical section (the latter been devised which includes a, number of pumpportion showing the valve mechanisms) through ing units arranged in reasonable adjacency to; a the motor 'of 'Fig. -1;

central air compressor plantwhich supplies op- Figs. 3xto 6, inclusive, show relative positions crating fluid under pressure to the pumping units of parts at different points ,in' the cycle of the 5 and.recompressesthefluid after it has been used; 7 motor; V V v in the pumping units. .Ordinarily the unit at Figs. '7 and 8 are-detail sectional views respeceach well in this'system includes a pump head tively of lower and upper cycle-changing devices,

in the form'of a single-acting expansible-cham- Fig. '7 being taken on the plane corresponding to her motor, the latter being connected with a pis-, the section line 1-1 of Figa Fig! 301116 ton or" other suitable type of pump in the oil right angle plane, and V well. To provide for-economical operation, 'preiS a V Showing a modification heating of the, air-just before its adr'nissionfto Referring first togEig. 1, it will be observed the pumping motors is practiced at the wells; and that upon a platform I there is mountedasuit it is common to maintain a substantial back presable frame! of structural steel or the like and 2 sure on the motorcylinders for the purpose of having a p member tt r Pivotally :precludingunduly.rapidjdroppingof the pump supports at 4 t pp d 5, Du p rod line; and accordingly the airthat has been motor 6 whose cylinder member 1 is: suitably used in'the pump cylinders is returned to the positioned with respecttothe upper head,5. The central compressor plant under a substantial motor 6 also has a lower head 8 which incorpressure. ,Suitablemake-up-m fln ,iS provided porates, as will later be described, supply and for supplying additional air. to the system as exhaust passages, and housesthe admission and necessary. As it 'is not practicable to h'ave' an exhaust valves. The heads 5 and 8 and the 0311-: operator at each well, it is quiteimportant that inder I may be held assembled by threading or the pumping motor shall be .very reliable and by suitable side rods extending between the heads a simple in construction and positive in action, and d C ampin vthe yl de be ween them. As any 35 it is also desirable, for testing and other-purposes, suitable form of construction adapted to hold' to provide a motor which is' adapted to operate th pa a m d ay e u d, d tails'have either on the rectangular cycle or with expansion not been illustrated. I and compression, at the option of the 'system- Air i supp dthrough-a Suitable supply line operator.

0 One object of the present invention is to proand enters avpreheater II which may be fired by Vme impmved pumping t particularly gas or oil as desired, and after preheating, enters adapted for the use described. Another object the pipe I2 and flows through thelatter, under of my invention is to provide an improved single the control of a stop valve l3 and anautomatic actingexpansible chamber motor of general apcontrol valve M, the latter operative to close off 45 plication. A further object of my invention is supply if the motor loses its load, into the lower. to provide an improved. singleacting; pumping cylinder head 8. 'A suitable vent valve I5 is armotor having an improved fluid-actuated valve ranged between the stop valve I3 and the autogear. Yet another object of my invention is to matic control valve 1.4. The fluid, after working provide an improved and simple fluid-actuated in the motor 6, is discharged to a line I6 con- 50 valve gear of general application. Other objects trolled by ashut-o-fi valve l1, and is adapted to and advantages of my invention will hereinafter be returned'to the intake side of the compressor more fully appear. a of the central compressor plant, which has not In the accompanying drawings, in which, for been shown. The motor 6 has a piston 20 pro- 4 purpo es of illust ati n, he ear shown oneemvidecl with a piston rod 2| which is connected,

II] from a central compressor plant (not shown) g through a suitable adjustable connecting device 22, with a pump line 23 leading down into the well to a reciprocatory pump (not shown) near the bottom of the well. Oil raised by the pump is dischargeable through the connection 24, and gas from the well is discharged from a pump head 25 through a suitable line 26.

Now referring more in detail to the motor, it will be observed that the lower head 8 has an initial chamber to which the connection l2 leads. The chamber 30 is separated by a partition 3| from a space 32, which communicates through a port 33 withthe lower end of the cylinder bore 34. The partition 3| is ported at 35 and the port is surrounded by a valve seat 36. The port is adapted to be controlled by an admission valve 31 which may be rigidly or pivotally connected, as desired, with a piston 38 which is formed integral with a larger piston 39. The piston 39 is reciprocable in a cylinder 40 suitably mounted upon the upper side of the lower cylinder head 8, and is closed by a head 4| and is vented at its lower end, as at 42. This vent may open directly to the atmosphere or have fluid conducted away therefrom to any place where it is desired to discharge the fluid which may leak past the pistons. The piston 38 is of a cross-sectional area substantially the same as that of port 35, so that, when the valve is seated, the net effect of the pressure in the chamber 35 upon the valve is a tendency to maintain the valve 36 seated. This is due, or course, to the fact that the valve is larger than the piston 33. The valve, of course, is subject to the pressure within the cylinder upon its lower end; and the upper end of the piston 39 is subjected to pressure variations ina manner which will now be described, to control valve movements.

A connection 44 enters the cylinder 40 through the head 4|, and at the upper end of the con- ,nection 44 the latter enters a T 45 from which branches 46 and 41 lead off. The connection 46 is controlled by a check valve 48 suitably springloaded, as at 49, and controlling and adapted to open to permit flow of the fluid toward the con nection 44 but precluding flow in the opposite direction; A connection 50 leads from the upper end of the check valve to a point of communication 5| with the motor cylinder 1, though communication with the motor cylinder at a higher point 52 is possible under the control of a manually adjustable control valve 53. The connection 41 is also controlled by a check valve 54, this check valve opening to permit discharge of fluid from the connection 44 but precluding entry of fluid past the check valve 54 to the passage 44; The check valve 54 is also spring-loaded, as at 55, and is connected between the connection 41 and a connection 55 which communicates with the cylinder bore at 51. V

The exhaust valve 59 cooperates with a seat 60 surrounding a port 6| formed in apartition 52 which separates the exhaust port 63 from the chamber 64 connected with the pipe I6 which leads back to the compressor intake. The exhaust I ,valve is provided with a loosely fitting guiding stem 66, upon which a spring 61 acts normally to maintain the exhaust valve seated whenever the position of its control piston mechanism, shortly to be described, permits. The exhaust valve is adapted to be moved to open position by a piston mechanism 68 mounted in the cylinder 69 which has an upper head 10. The piston 68 comprises a lower portion 1| of a cross-sectional area substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port 6|, the exhaust valve 59 also has an.

upwardly-extending stem 66 seated Within a bore 56 in the piston mechanism '68, as in the structure of my Patent No. 2,004,146, this construction enabling piston mechanism 68 to open valve 53 at appropriate times and also enabling pressure in line is to pass valve 59 and open valve 31, when the motor is to be first put in operation. The piston mechanism 68 also comprises a larger head 13, reciprocable in a bore 14 which is vented at 15 at its lower end. The space above the piston 13 has communication with a fluid supply and exhaust connection 16 which, through a T 11, communicates witha pair of passage-forming members 18. and 19. Passage 18 is controlled by a spring-loaded check-valve device which permits flow toward the exhaust valve controlling piston 13 but precludes reverse flow. The check valve 80 is connectedby a pipe 8| for communication with the bore of the motor cylinder at the point 52. The pipe 19 is connected by a checkvalve device 83, opening away from the piston 13, with a pipe 84, which normally is adapted to communicate with the bore of the motor cylinder at '85 but which may be connected, under the control of a suitable valve mechanism 86, with the bore of the cylinder at 51. The connection 51 is uncovered by the top of the piston 20 shortly before the latter reaches the bottom of its inactive strokes. The connection is uncovered by the top of the piston somewhat earlier in the downward stroke. The connection point 5! is uncovered by the bottom of the piston on its upward strokes at a point suitable for cut-off to occur if operation with expansion is desired, and the point 52 is uncovered by the bottom of the piston 20 as the latter reaches substantially the top position desired for its working stroke. Plugs 81 are provided to permit changes in location of the connection-points 5| and 85 if desired. The top of the cylinder has a vent of suitable size at 88.

The mode of operation of the apparatus as heretofore described will now be readily understood. Motive fluid entering the 'chamber 30 through the supply line I2 is admitted, in the position of the parts shown in Fig. 2, past the admission valve 31 and through the port 35 into the space which is connected by the port 33 with the bottom of the motor cylinder bore 34. This working fluid at line pressure, say 250 or 300 pounds per square inch, acts beneath the piston 20' and serves to move the latter upwardly, the exhaust valve 59 being closed. As the piston 29 moves upward in the bore 34, it first uncovers with its lower edge the connection point 51, but irrespective of the position of the valve 86 no fluid can be admitted either above the piston 39 or above the piston 13 because the check valves 54 and 33 prevent flow through the connections 56 and 84. The piston continues its upward pass and then uncovers the connection point 85 which, if the valve 86 is in lower position, would constitute the first point for admission to the con nection 84. However, no fluid would flow from the cylinder bore past the check-valve device 83 to act'upon the piston 13. The piston 23 con', tinues to rise and uncovers the connection point 5|. Now, if the valve mechanism 53 is arranged to efiect operation with expansion, the fluid admitted through the connection 5| will pass into the connection 50 and unseat the check valve 48 and pass to the upper side of the piston 35%, which it will promptly depress and thereby close the admission valve 31. The motor piston 2|] will, however, continue to rise under the expansion of the fluid within the cylinder bore 34 until its ,lower sedge uncovers .-the-.connection; .pbinti-BZ,

and ,then fluid will i pass ;.through' the; connection inder fli w herev itwill act upon the piston l3 and thereby open the: exhaust; valve; -and{ release will then :occur. Thereupon the =weightaoi the rod linelandthe connected :parts will cause downward movementeof the a piston at an .appropriate rate, and the fluid in the motor cylinder :will passgat the back pressure maintained in. the discharge line t6, back to the compressor: intake. Whenthe upper'surface'of :the piston 20 ,uncovers: the connect-ion-point 52 there will :-be no eseapenof the fluid aabove the piston 13 rbecause thewcheck-valve'flfl will". prevent now in that ;di-

rection through the connectionjiill. Likewise,

when :the upper surface of the piston uncovers theconnection point 55!, no :escape of the vfluid above-the; piston :39 :wilktake placerbecause ofsthe presence ofxthecheckvalve148; 'When, however, the upper surface 'oi'tthe pistonrpa'ssesibelow the connection-point'i'85; the "pressure above the piston :13 wi'll'be released lprovided the valve mechanism 1-86 is arranged toefiect operation with compression, and check valve 83 will permit flow fromithei'spacei abovetherpiston 13 through connection 16, T =11, connection rl9iand connection 84 toz-theiconnectionipointr 85ziand thus to atmosphere through-:88. .The exhaust-valve 59 will then be closed by reason of the fact that there will a be ;an unbalanced area acting upwardly on piston H -to lifttthe latter, such area equal'to the cross sectional :area "of rpiston '1 l, aand the "pressure of the spring ":61 racting \upwardly together with. the "rush i'of -'exhausting fluid will close 'the exhaust valve -'-whenrpiston"|l moves'up, "The piston 20, however; will continue to 'move 'downwardly "until the port 51 is uncovered and then the-:pressuregabove thepiston 39 will be vented through'ithe "connection" '44,"lf 4 5, connection 41, unseated *check'valve g54, connection 56, an'd'connection :pointii51 to the {vented space above the piston zflpwhich' spaceis in communication with the :atmosphere'as previously described; The

- admission valve r3! will-then be opened 'by'the uncounterbalance'd pressurewithin the lowerend of :the' motor cylinder acting upon the lower end of 'theaseated valve; and admission will then occur and the cycle'will be repeated. I

' A rectangular"cycle-can be effected by the suitable positioning 'of the "mechanisms 53 and 86,

but it "will be noted that, as shown inFigQQ, these mechanisms may be omitted and connections 50 and fll 'joine'd directly to each other andconnectedthro'ugh acommon passage to the cylinder boregsand connections 56 and 84 joined together and, tthrough 4 a common passage, connected to the cylinder bore. The admission valve --wi ll always close before the'exhaust valveopens' and the exhaust valve close "before the admission valve..opens,::due toflthe pressuredifferentials described; V a

This maybe explained as follows: "Even though simultaneous admission to'pistons"39*and-13 occurs, 39 is opposed onlyby an area equal to the cross sectionalarea:of:38, iwhile 'l3 is opposed bye-a. larger area, subjected to' thezsame pressure asi,38,p1us springalihxand even when ventings of 39 and I3xconcur, openingof-BI will'be opposed by the live pressure on the unbalanced annular area at the periphery of 31, while closing of '59 will be'aided by spring :61. n

It will :be :noted that I have provided :a' very positive, simple andefficient valveztgear' andimotor, one wWell-adapted :to fcompletelyi automatic operations-with;a:minimum;of:.attention,- and that there ;.isa ,lmaximu-m assurance of reliable operation-duetocthe lack of anyzparts-t likely to be- :come broken .or deranged. "If desired :the check valves mayu-berpositioned so. that gravity will- :act in valve-closing direction, and? thus provide even greater assurance of: freedom from-trouble.

while there-arein this :application specifically described-one, form and amodification which the invention. may assumeinspracticait will :be understood: that this' form and the modification are shown: for purposes-of: illustration and that' the invention mayibe furtherzmodified'and embodied in various gotherqforms without departing from its spirit :or the scope of the appended claims.

Whatl .claimxas new and desire to secure by LettersiPatentriszli 1 In a motor, in combination,aarcylinder, a' pis-' ton :reciproc'able 1 therein, and valve mechanism iorsaid'motor including a valve and controlling means therefor having I a pressure area acting to movelsaid valvegand means 'for supplying pres sure to :said' area andventingxpressure therefrom including conduits respectively having their extremities'remotefrom'said areaopening into communication with the cylinder bore'at points widely spaced longitudinally of the 'latter'and' at opposite sides .ofnormal'mid-stroke positionbut both'coveredand alsoruncoveredrby each end ofthe'piston during :ea-ch: complete :cycle ofipiston movement.

- 2. Invarmotor, incornbination; a cylinder, a piston *reciprocable therein, :andpvalve mechanism 13; 1.111 'afmotor; 'in 'combination, a'cylinder, a

pistonf'reciproca'ble therein, and valve mechanism for ss'aidwmotor including an exhaust {valve and controlling means thereforhaving a pressure area acting tonioVe said valve to open position, i and means'for supplying :pressureto'said area and venting pressure therefrom including conduits respectively having theinextremities remote from said area opening into communication with the cylinder ibore at :points widely spaced longitudinally of' the latter and at opposite sides of normal -i'nid-stroke:position but 'bothrcov-ered and also I uncovered :by eachend'o-ithe piston during each complete cycle of 'piston'movement.

'4. .Inaa motor,1in combination, a cylinder a piston'reciprocablentherein,' andvalve mechanism forisaid motor: including a valve andcontrolling means thereforfhaving a pressure area'acting to move said valve, and means i for supplying tpr'essurezto said-area and-venting; pressure therefrom respectively having "check-valve-controlled communication with'the cylinderboreat points widely spacedlongitudinally of the latter whereby flow therethrough is unidirectional irrespective of th positi'onioftthe pistonin the cylinder.

BU-In a'moton'in combination, acylinder, a piston -reciprocable,therein, and valvexmechanism 'forzsa'id-motor including anadmissionvalve and controlling means thereiorhaving a pressure area acting tolmove said valve to-closed position, and means fora-supplying; pressure to said areaand check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter whereby flow therethrough is unidirectional irrespective of the position of the piston in the cylinder.

'7. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including a valve and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting to move said valve, and means for supplying pressure to said area and venting pressure therefrom respectively having cheok-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter, the checkvalve-controlled communication with the cylinder point nearer said valve precluding flow from the cylinder towards said area and the check-valvecontrolled communication with the cylinder bore at a point more remote than the first-mentioned point from said valve precluding flow from said area towards the cylinder bore.

8. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including an admission valve and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting to move said valve to closed position, and means for supplying pressure to said area and venting pressure therefrom respectively having check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter, the check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder point nearer said valve precluding flow from the cylinder towards said area and the check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at a point more remote than the first-mentioned point from said valve precluding flow from said area towards the cylinder bore.

9. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including an exhaust valve and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting to move said valve to open position, and means for supplying pressure to said area and venting pressure therefrom respectively having check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter, the check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder point nearer said valve precluding flow from the cylinder towards said area and the check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at a point more remote than the first-mentioned point from said valve precluding flow from said area towards the cylinder bore.

10. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, means for continuously venting one end of said cylinder, and means for controlling admission and exhaust with respect to the opposite end of said cylinder including an exclusively admission valve opened by the pressure in said last mentioned cylinder end following exhaust valve closure and a structurally-independent, exclusively exhaust valve whose closing is controlled by motor back pres sure and means for effecting opposite movements of said valves by working pressure from the working end of the cylinder each having but a single supply connection operative to transmit valvethrowing pressure to effect valve movement, and controlled by piston movement.

11. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, means for continuously venting one end of said cylinder, and means'for controlling admission and exhaust with respect to the opposite end of said cylinder including an admission valve opened by the pressure in said last mentioned cylinder end following exhaust valve closure and an exhaust valve whose closing is controlled by motor back pressure and means for effecting opposite movements of said valves by working pressure from the cylinder including a check-valve-controlled supply connection for each valve, controlled by piston movement and precluding flow towards said cylinder through said connection irrespective of piston position in the cylinder.

12. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, means for continuously venting one end of said cylinder, and means for controlling admission and exhaust with respect to the opposite end of said cylinder including an admission valve opened by the pressure in said last mentioned cylinder end following exhaust valve closure and an exhaust valve whose closing is controlled by motor back pressure, means for effecting opposite movements of said valves by working pressure from the cylinder including a check-valve-controlled supply connection for each valve, controlled by piston movement and precluding fiow towards said cyl inder through said connection irrespective of piston position in the cylinder, and means for releasing pressure to make the first-mentioned valve movements possible including check-valvecontrolled connections one individual to each valve, controlled by piston movement and precluding flow towards its respective valve, and connected with the cylinder bore at points widely separated from the points of communication of said first mentioned connections.

13. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston therein, admission and exhaust valves to which functionally opposite movements are imparted by compression pressure and motor back pressure respectively, and means for effecting the opposite movements of said valves including a plurality of spaced connections with the cylinder bore for one of said valves, a plurality of spaced connections with the cylinder bore for the other of said valves, and oppositely acting check valves in the connections associated with each valve.

14. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including a valve and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting to move said valve, and means for supplying pressure to said area and venting pressure therefrom respectively opening into com munication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter and at opposite sides of the midpoint in the normal working stroke and having a common communication with said area, said points so positioned that both are uncovered by one end of the piston on each pass of the latter.

15. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a

12; roe-idea latter;- i v p H F161 Ina motor; in combination; a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and-" valve mech'a-= ni'sm for' 'saidmotor including an exhaust valve and controlling-means*thereior] having a pres: surearea-actingto move said valve to open-position'; and means for supplying pressure "tojsaidarea" and Venting pressure therefrom respective= 13 opening intocommunication with the *cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally ofthelattefandat oppositeside'swof the point in the normal working -"strol e-*and h'aving a common communication withsaid area;

said points sopositioned that both are uncovered by' one end of the piston? preteen pass of 5 the latter."

- r1: In; a; motor, in cornbinatienl a cylinder," a

single acting? pistons reciproca'ble therein and valverr'iechanism magmanner including'a valve and controlling means therefor liaving-apressure pressure therefrom respectivelyhaving checkvalve-controlld communication with --th'e cylinder bore at points widely spaced"longitudi naliysof:the latterythe first at a point uncpvered by the piston near the end of the working stroke of thelatter and thesecond at a point near the opposite end of the cylinder.

18. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a single acting piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including an admission valve and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting to move said valve to closed position, and means for supplying pres: sure to said area and'venting pressure therefrom respectively having check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points Widely spaced longitudinally of the, latter, the first at a point uncovered by the piston near the end of the working stroke of the latter and the second at a point near the opposite end of the cylinder. I 1

'19. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a single acting piston reciprocable therein, and

valve mechanism for said motorincluding an exhaust valve and controlling means'therefor hav- .ing a pressure area acting to move said valve to openposition, andmeans for supplying pressure to said area and ventingpressure therefrom respectively having .check-valve-controlled second at a point near the opposite end of the cylinder;

having a bore, a piston in said bore, and distribution means, said distribution means including a valve, means for subjecting said valve to a' 5 pressure effective upon predetermined reduction means forsupplying pressure to and ye borei'at points:v widely space area acting to move "said, valve; and means Ior supplying pressure to; said area and venting 20. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder 21? Ir'1 a single acting motor, in

combination, V

a cylinder; having .arbore; a piston; imsaid bbre,

positely" facingareas, 'meansiflfoif subjectingjlf one of "said area's to a pressure effective to 'mciveLsaidvalvein onedirection.whenitheothero areashas the pressure vented therefrom pressure from? said". latter farea, includirig passage: means having communication with the cylinderthe' cylinder and respectivelyfl-havmg .co'n'tro valves seatingfto prevent flowfro'm'the cylin r borefandto" prevent flow towards the cylinder a cylinder having a bore, a piston iri said bore,

and fluid distributionfmeans fonefi'ectin'g ,admisl sion'and exhaust, relative to theworkingiend f said cylinder 'including.,,,a valve and. mfea effecting reversals of valvepositio'n"including op; positely facing areas, mealnsifrir siibj'ectin 'e' oi saiel' areas toa pressure :efiective tof mov vawem one direction" when -tl'ie other of" said areas has the pressure vented therefrom, and means for supplying pressure to and venting pressure from said latter area including passage means having communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of v the cylinder, each of said passage means havof the latter, the first at a point uncovered by the piston near the end of the working'stroke of the latter and the second at a point near the opposite end of the cylinder.

24. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a"

single acting piston, reclprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including a distributing valve having controlling means comprising a pressure area acting to' move saidvalve in one direction to interrupt admission, and

- means for supplying pressure to said area and venting pressure therefrom respectivelyhaving valve-controlled communications with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter, thefirst at a point uncovered by the piston near the end of the working stroke of the latter and the second at a point. near the opposite end of the cylinder.

25. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder having means for venting one end thereof, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and valve mechanism for said motor including a valve and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting when subjected to cylinder working pressure to move said valve, and means for controlling the supply of such pressure to said area and the venting of such pressure therefrom including conduits having their extremities remote from said area opening into communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter and at opposite sides of the midpoint in the working stroke and both covered and also uncovered by each end of the piston during each complete cycle of piston movement.

26. A motor of the kind comprising a cylinder vented at one end and having a piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for controlling the movement of the piston including a valve having associated therewith oppositely directed pressure areas adapted to be subjected respectively to pressures acting in opposite directions by which the movements of the valve are controlled, the pressure area directed in one direction being connected by controlled connections respectively with the space within the cylinder towards opposite ends thereof, whereby during the reciprocation of the piston it is alternately subjected to the Working pressure in said cylinder and connected to the vented space in the cylinder, characterized in that said pressure area directed in said one direction comprises a single operative surface area which is adapted when subjected through its connection, to the working pressure in said cylinder, to be operated by said pressure to eifect a reversal of the valve and is adapted to permit movement of the valve in its return direction when it communicates through its cylinder connection with the vented portion of the cylinder.

27. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a single acting piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including an admission valve having controlling means including a pressure area for moving said valve to closed position, means for opening said valve when pressure is vented from said area, and means for supplying pressure to said area to close said valve and venting pressure therefrom to permit valve opening including connections having check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter, the pressure venting means at a point near the beginning of the working stroke of the piston and the pressure supplying means including a communication at a point near the opposite end of the cylinder.

28. In a motor, in combination, a cylinder, a single acting piston reciprocable therein, and valve mechanism for said motor including an exhaust valve having constantly a bias towards closed position and controlling means therefor having a pressure area acting to move said valve to open position, and means for supplying pressure to said area to open said valve and venting pressure therefrom to permit valve closure including connections having check-valve-controlled communication with the cylinder bore at points widely spaced longitudinally of the latter, the pressure venting means at a point near the beginning of the working stroke of the piston and the pressure supplying means including a communication at a point near the opposite end of the cylinder.

WADE H. WINEMAN..

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent N00 2,1053% December 28, 1957, WADE H, WINENAN. i

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5,- first column, line 67, claim 19, for "a" first occurrence, read at; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office Signed and sealed this 1st day of March, A. D. i938.

Henry Van Arsdale,

(Seal) I Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

